Why do you need a TIR Carnet (Carnet TIR)? What benefits does its use provide?

The TIR sign on trucks means that the cargo is delivered using a TIR Carnet. It is provided for by the Customs Convention on International Transport, adopted in 1975 to facilitate the transport of goods across state borders. The convenience and simplicity of the new rule were appreciated in many countries of the Eurasian and African continents, and in America. Now the TIR convention operates in more than 50 states, allowing carriers to cross borders with minimal time costs.

What is a TIR Carnet?

The abbreviation TIR stands for international road transport. A TIR book (carnet TIR) is a notebook consisting of several pages with a detailed description of the goods being transported, with information about the shipper, recipient, and a list of accompanying documents. The TIR Carnet applies to goods transported by road freight or trailers. TIR transportation differs from conventional delivery by wheeled vehicles in that the body or container must be sealed along the entire delivery route.

A TIR Carnet is required to pay customs duties and insure losses during international transportation. This procedure significantly speeds up customs clearance and reduces the downtime of goods at the customs post. This is possible due to the fact that a sealed truck does not undergo full customs clearance at the transit borders. A special blue plate on the body with the abbreviation TIR in white allows you to recognize vehicles crossing the border in a simplified manner.

Instead of the term “TIR Carnet”, carnet TIR can be used. In any case, the document performs the following functions:

Confirms the completion of TIR transport. Information is transmitted by customs departments to the international organization IRU, which unites the interests of the road transport communities;
Facilitates the verification of the TIR Carnet by customs officers. The mechanism includes the function of tracking its location, timely detection of document loss;
Simplifies the investigation of controversial situations;
Does not allow unauthorized entries and adjustments to be entered into the book.

The document contains complete information about the transported goods. From it, customs authorities receive all the necessary information for accounting and control:

Country of shipment and destination;
Customs post of departure and destination;
Sequence of border passage;
Information about the product: HS code, characteristics, weight, etc.
List and details of accompanying and transport documentation.

In addition, the document contains the truck number, seal details and customs service marks. Also, a special imprint on the cover indicates the deadline by which to open the TIR carnet and begin transportation.

Carnet TIR has a yellow cover. One of its sections is the cargo manifest, which includes complete information about the goods being transported. The document includes a permanent yellow sheet, tear-off green and white sheets, as well as a yellow accident report. Tear-off sheets are intended to be provided at customs points of departure, entry and destination. All carnet TIRs are assigned an individual number consisting of seven numbers and two Latin letters.

If the customs duty is more than 60 thousand €, then the TIR Carnet is not enough. It is necessary to obtain additional warranty coverage.

What benefits does the book provide?

TIR transportation has the following advantages:

Goods are transported exclusively in sealed and sealed trucks and containers;
There is no thorough inspection of goods at transit customs points;
At leading border posts, goods are checked according to a simplified procedure.

In addition, the document exempts from fees or deposits of imported or exported duties at intermediate customs points.

Types of books

Today, the TIR Carnet is valid in paper form and consists of tear-off sheets. Their number can be 4, 6, 14, 20. A document with the maximum number of sheets allows you to cross the borders of 10 states. In order to simplify customs clearance procedures, a proposal to introduce an electronic version of carnet TIR is currently being considered.

When crossing the border, customs specialists tear off sheets from the document. Therefore, before receiving a carnet TIR, it is important to calculate the number of customs points through which you need to travel with the goods, and select a book with the required number of sheets. However, the cost of the document will differ depending on whether you choose a 4 or 20 sheet document.

What is carnet tir

Carnet tir or TIR Carnet means that goods are transported using a special customs procedure. This method is used in the countries of the European Union, the USA, Russia and in certain countries of the African continent. More than 50 countries around the world have signed the TIR Convention.

What does the inscription mean

The TIR sign on the body of a truck signifies the carriage of goods using a TIR Carnet, which was adopted in Geneva in 1975. The basis document for this transportation is the Customs Convention on the International Transport of Goods. To cross borders you will need to present a special document - a TIR carnet or carnet tir.

Features of TIR transportation:

Only sealed containers are used for transportation.
At intermediate stops, a full or partial check of the cargo is not carried out.
When crossing the border, the check is carried out according to an accelerated scheme.
To carry out transportation using this method, a special license is required.

Decoding the abbreviation

The abbreviation TIR comes from the French term Transports International Routiers, which translates as international road transport. The term means a special system of international road transport based on the Customs Convention on the Transportation of Goods.

How does the TIR Carnet work?

When crossing the border at customs points, sheets are torn off from the book in the established sequence. The driver of the vehicle receives the stubs. One pair of sheets is needed per customs zone: for opening and closing the TIR. In an open TIR there is an odd number of spines, in a closed one the opposite is true. It is important to remember that the beginning of the transportation of goods and its completion do not constitute the opening and closing of the TIR. It is impossible to leave the customs zone with an open TIR. It always opens and closes within the same customs zone.

Registration of TIR Carnet

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REGISTRATION OF TIR CARNETS (CUSTOMS OF IMPORT, DEPARTURE)

—-T—-T—————T————-T—————T——T——T———¬ ¦N ¦Date¦ Recipient / ¦ Carrier ¦ Item ¦Qty¦ Weight ¦ Unit ¦ ¦п/п¦ ¦ sender ¦(name¦(name,¦ items ¦gross¦cost¦ ¦ ¦ ¦(name,¦ and address) ¦ code) ¦ ¦(tons)¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ address, railway ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ station ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ destination) ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ +—+—-+————— +————-+—————+——+——+———+ ¦ 1 ¦ 2 ¦ 3 ¦ 4 ¦ 5 ¦ 6 ¦ 7 ¦ 8 ¦ L—+—-+———— —+————-+—————+——+——+———+ ———T———-T————T————-T———-T— ———-T——¬ Cost¦ Customs ¦ Full name. ¦Confirmation¦Documents ¦Confirmation¦ Number¦ ¦of appointment¦inspector¦ about delivery ¦sent¦ customs ¦books¦ ¦ ¦ personal ¦ (date, N ¦to customs ¦ destination ¦ TIR ¦ ¦ numbered ¦ document) ¦destination¦o receipt¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ seal ¦ ¦ (number, ¦ documents ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ signature) ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ———+———-+————+————- +———-+————-+——+ 9 ¦ 10 ¦ 11 ¦ 12 ¦ 13 ¦ 14 ¦ 15 ¦ ———+———-+————+————-+— ——-+————-+——-

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Registration of TIR Carnet

In the TIR Carnet, part of the information is filled out by its owner, part by the customs authorities and the organization issuing the carnet - the IRU representative office. It fills from 1 to 5 paragraphs of the cover. 6 – 12 points, a permanent yellow sheet of the form is drawn up by the owner of the carnet TIR. Items 16 to 23 of the tear-off sheet and the white spine are filled out by customs officers of the country of departure, intermediate countries and destination. From 24 to 28 points of the tear-off sheet and the green counterfoil, fill out the customs posts of the importing country and the country of destination.

One TIR Carnet is issued for one vehicle. Its required details:

Number, validity period of the book;
Name of the organization that issued the book;
Details of the cargo carrier - owner of the book;
Countries of departure and destination;
Number of the vehicle, container;
Appendixes to the book;
Marking of cargo items, their quantity.

In addition, the book must contain a description of the cargo. This is necessary to ensure that customs specialists do not allow prohibited goods to cross the border.

How to apply

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Although this notepad itself is inexpensive and widely available, the privilege of using it is not available to every transport company. The procedure for obtaining it involves the following steps:

Obtaining permission to international transportation from the Federal Customs Service.
Payment.
Joining ASMAP.
Obtaining an access card for each individual tractor.
Obtaining customs certificates for each individual trailer.

All vehicles for which permits are purchased must initially be certified as suitable for transport between countries.

The document is filled out as follows:

Filling out the cover by hand is allowed.
The cargo manifest (tear-off sheets) is filled out in advance in the country of departure at the following rate: two sheets for each country. The following countries are counted: sending, transit and receiving. The information is entered in the language of the sending country, but the driver is provided with a translation of all data. Measures of weight and length, as well as currencies, are indicated in the units of measurement applicable in the sending country.
When opening a customs check, the first sheet is torn out.
When closing, the second one breaks out.

It is important to fill out the book correctly, otherwise it will be considered invalid.

The cover is filled out as follows:

Column number	Who fills it out and how?	Note
1-5	The guarantee association that issued the document.	Only the guarantee association can make changes in these columns. Corrections must be certified by seal.
1 “Valid until...”	Each booklet has a validity period before which it can be presented to the customs service.	The customs service will not accept the book if the specified date has expired.
2 "Issued"	Name of the guaranteeing association that issued the document.	The name must be spelled out in full.
3 "Owner"	Full name and address of the carrier.	Only the carrier who has completed the entire procedure for issuing the book has the right to use it.
4 “Signature of the organization.”	Here we are talking about a guarantee association: the head puts his signature and the seal of the organization.
5 “Signature of the secretary of the international association”	The IRU Secretary signs here.
6-12	Owner
6 “Country of departure”	The state from which the goods are exported.
7 "Destination country"	The country where the cargo is imported.
8 “Vehicle registration number”	Registration number of the vehicle transporting goods.
9 “Certificate of vehicle approval”	Number and date of this document.
10 “Container identification number”	Relevant for special transportation.
11 "Notes"	Information that is considered necessary is entered.
12 "Owner's signature	The authorized carrier in possession of this document signs here.

you can here.

Sample TIR Carnet

Where can I get a TIR Carnet?

The document is issued by the IRU representative offices of the countries participating in the TIR Convention. In Russia, such an organization is ASMAP (Association of International Road Carriers). Conditions for receiving the document:

Availability of a Federal Customs Service permit for international cargo transportation;
Payment of the fee;
Certification of vehicles, as required by the conditions of international cargo transportation;
ASMAP accreditation.

International road transport - who can do it and how

Basic conditions that must be met to obtain a permit for international road transport.

Availability of vehicles owned by the applicant and meeting the requirements of current regulations.
Competence of persons responsible for cross-border road transport.
Availability of an insurance policy from the carrier.

What is needed to obtain a permit for international road transport:

application for issuance of a certificate;
confirmation of the owner's rights or other legally strong justification for ownership of vehicles;
documents on state registration of the relevant vehicles;
insurance policy;
documentary evidence of the professional competence of the responsible employee;
description of the attached documentation.

Are you interested in what documents may be required from the carrier for control? The “Administrative Regulations for Supervision in the Sphere of Transport” approved by the Ministry of Transport of Russia contains clause 11, which contains a detailed list of necessary documents required when importing or exporting various goods to or from Russia.

Features of the use of TIR in Russia

In 2013, disagreements arose between the Federal Customs Service and the Russian division of the IRU on customs clearance issues. Because of this, it has become difficult to use TIR Carnets at Russian customs posts. The following difficulties arose:

After exporting cargo outside the Russian Federation, a new TIR document cannot be opened;
Transportation is possible only with an additional transit declaration and documentation confirming the absence of debts on customs duties;
After closing the document, the driver is obliged to draw up documents at the customs point within 3 hours, otherwise the vehicle will be moved to the impound area;
Before arriving in the Russian Federation, you need to undergo electronic preliminary notification, provide information about the imported cargo and receive an MRN number.

Thus, with the TIR carnet you can transport the cargo to the first Russian customs point. To move further, you need to obtain transit declarations and present an obligation to pay state fees.

Electronic pre-notification of customs allows the carrier to obtain an MRN number in advance. Upon arrival at the customs point, the driver presents it, and the customs specialist quickly finds information about the product in the database. This significantly reduces customs clearance time.

Registration of TIR Carnet

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Possible errors when filling out and penalties provided for them

When filling out the TIR book, any erasures or corrections are unacceptable. If an error has crept into the data and it needs to be corrected, the carrier must put the official’s signature next to the correction and certify it with a lowercase stamp. Crossing out large fragments is possible only with the approval and certification of the customs service.

If the document contains an illegible inscription, the import of the cargo may be refused. This is due to the impossibility of unambiguous interpretation of information.

Entering knowingly false information threatens the carrier with a fine and cancellation of the document. The goods, in this case, will be detained at the customs point until the documents are completely reissued. It will also be mandatory to go through the customs clearance procedure.

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The abbreviation TIR on trucks signifies the carrier's participation in the Customs Agreement on International Transport. Behind the designation lies a special procedure for passing customs control, characterized by speed of verification and a minimum number of accompanying papers.

What goods are prohibited from being transported using a TIR Carnet?

In all states party to the TIR convention, with documents from the IRU, the transportation of alcohol and alcohol-containing products, except beer and wine, is prohibited. It is also prohibited to transport tobacco or tobacco products, except raw tobacco.

On the territory of the European Union the following are prohibited for transportation with a TIR Carnet:

Frozen cattle meat;
Condensed milk, cream that contains sweetening components;
Dairy fats, oils;
Fresh and dried bananas;
Sugar from cane, beet, chemical sucrose;
Undenatured ethanol, the alcohol content of which is more than 80%.

It is also prohibited to transport “high-risk” goods: meat, milk, infant formula, butter, margarine.

Principles of the Convention

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Implementation of the principles of the TIR Convention

To ensure the smooth movement of goods with minimal delays in transit and at the same time ensure maximum customs security, the TIR regime contains five main elements:

Goods must be transported in safe (from the customs point of view) vehicles or containers;
Payment of customs duties and taxes for which there is a risk of non-payment must be secured by an international guarantee;
Cargo must be accompanied by a customs document recognized by all States Parties to the Convention (TIR Carnet), accepted for registration in the state of departure and serving as a control document in the states of departure, transit and destination;
Customs control measures taken in the state of departure must be recognized by all countries of transit and destination;
Access to the TIR procedure for national associations (permission to issue TIR Carnets) and individuals and legal entities (permission to use TIR Carnets) must be controlled by authorized national authorities.

To ensure the safety of transport, the TIR Convention establishes that goods must be transported in containers or cargo compartments of vehicles designed in such a way as to exclude the possibility of access to the contents of the sealed part of the vehicle or container without leaving visible traces of opening the cargo compartment of the vehicle, container or damage to customs stamps and seals.

Checking the TIR Carnet – SafeTIR system

SafeTIR is an application that allows you to quickly check the location and condition of a document. It was created by the international organization IRU to reduce risks and provide access to transportation information to all participants in TIR transportation. This is an electronic delivery control that works through the CUTE-Wise program and allows you to check each document at any time of the day.

Main purpose of SafeTIR:

Providing confirmation of the end of MDP delivery;
Organization of document verification, including the customs stamp on the outer spine;
Prevention, suppression of risks in the TIR delivery chain by monitoring the movement of the document;
Prompt detection of possible violations, elimination of the causes of their occurrence;
Simplifying the investigation of violations.

Information on the completion of a TIR transport is transmitted by national customs services to the IRU. The data is downloaded within a day or a day and a half, and the information becomes available to customs, the organization that issued the book, insurers, and carriers.

Existing problems

Recently, there has been a quantitative decrease in transportation using TIR Carnets

One, but extremely important factor that is of key importance here is the restriction by the Russian customs service of the operation of the TIR Convention on the territory of the country, since an important component link is missing from the system, the basic principle is violated - versatility and the actual ability to transport goods according to a single simplified procedure from point “A” to point "B". In May last year, a decision was made by the Eurasian Intergovernmental Council, according to which the governments of the member states of the Eurasian Economic Union (hereinafter referred to as the EAEU) were instructed to ensure the continuous operation of the TIR Convention throughout the territory of the integration association. Six months later, by order of the Federal Customs Service of the Russian Federation, 45 Russian checkpoints were established that are authorized to accept TIR Carnets

At the same time, the list does not include a number of road crossings that are extremely in demand by carriers, for example, Brusnichnoe (on the border with Finland), Burachki (on the border with Latvia), Nekhoteevka and Troebortnoye (on the border with Ukraine)

Six months later, by order of the Federal Customs Service of the Russian Federation, 45 Russian checkpoints were established that are authorized to accept TIR Carnets. At the same time, the list does not include a number of road crossings that are extremely in demand by carriers, for example, Brusnichnoe (on the border with Finland), Burachki (on the border with Latvia), Nekhoteevka and Troebortnoye (on the border with Ukraine).

A negative factor in the development of the TIR system is the position regarding the implementation of internal transport using TIR Carnets between the member countries of the EAEU. Russia has decided that the transportation of goods using a TIR Carnet is allowed only in cases where it begins and (or) ends outside the customs territory of the EAEU. The State Customs Committee of the Republic of Belarus took a similar step. Back in 2011, the customs services were sent an instruction to exclude the placement of goods under the customs procedure of customs transit using a TIR Carnet for deliveries within the Customs Union, if such transportation begins on the territory of the Republic of Belarus and its implementation does not involve movement through the territory of a state that is not member of the Customs Union.

Another problem is the impossibility of transporting groupage cargo in “our latitudes” under a TIR Carnet. This happens for various reasons. Here, the development of logistics infrastructure in Belarus, which contributes to the strengthening of these trends, and the quite obvious compression of commodity markets, which becomes the reason for the reduction in the volume of cargo and the struggle for “permissions” to travel through the territory of foreign countries.

The issue of groupage cargo was studied by IRU specialists. They came to the conclusion that there is a technical opportunity in the relevant information resources (primarily, TIR-EPD) to activate the settings and submit preliminary information to internal customs in Belarus in the case of several unloading places. Moreover, a similar pilot project was recently conducted in Kazakhstan, where the TIR-EPD application submitted to the domestic customs was successfully accepted and processed by the Kazakh customs authorities. So, perhaps, it would be advisable to organize and conduct such a pilot project in Belarus in order to study and present new opportunities in practice.

The BAMAP Association put forward a similar initiative to the State Customs Committee of the Republic of Belarus, proposing, in order to optimize and speed up customs operations, to organize a joint experiment (including with the IRU) on the transfer of electronic preliminary information (EPI) by carriers via TIR-EPD in two and more internal customs clearance points (CCP) when transporting groupage cargo under the TIR procedure. In particular, it is proposed to carry out sequential submission of individual EPIs generated through TIR-EPD to each VPTO with that part of the cargo that will be in the vehicle upon arrival at the VPTO. So far there is no information about any possibilities for conducting an experiment or the practical implementation of proposals.

Sample book

If the carrier decides to fill out the sections of the TIR Carnet on his own, you can use samples to avoid mistakes. We offer the covers of the book, the cargo manifest, tear-off sheets and spines, the accident report and the back cover, and carefully read the sections of the document. Such preparation will help to avoid mistakes and reduce the time for registration. If you have no experience in document preparation, be prepared to carefully study a multi-page invoice and shipping documents. A faster and more reliable option is to contact experienced specialists.

1. Sample of a fully completed TIR Carnet

Nuances of TIR transportation

TIR on trucks means that after placing the cargo inside the semi-trailer, the doors are sealed, and the driver has a “TIR Carnet”, which allows you to go to the place indicated in the documents without a full check at the borders. Fast passage through the customs terminal means for cargo owners and direct carriers that they do not waste time standing in line for a full vehicle inspection.

For a transit state, this is a guarantee of payment of duties. To make it convenient for all participants in the process of moving goods, agreements and conventions have been developed and put into operation to simplify actions between different countries.

The following beneficial opportunities have been implemented for both parties:

transportation is possible across several state borders at once, and the cargo is not inspected;
full guarantee of insurance and special fees to the state budget of the transit state.

For the most accessible explanation of the specifics of the TIR system, watch the video:

Responsibility of ASMAP

A guarantee for transit through the territory of the Russian Federation and delivery of goods under customs control in compliance with established TIR procedures is provided by ASMAP, the same organization monitors the payment of possible fines by those responsible for delivery when crossing the border.

The responsibility of the International Road Transport Association extends to all participants in the TIR system, regardless of which government organization issued the Carnet TIR. When crossing the border and staying on the territory of the Russian Federation, ASMAP is responsible to the Russian customs authorities for the correct completion of the transit procedure and delivery of the cargo to the place indicated in the documents.

For all goods located in a sealed cargo compartment or in a container, even those that are not included in the TIR Carnet, the organization bears personal responsibility

ASMAP office in Moscow

Cargo manifest

The cargo manifest contains the following information:

detailed information about the country that sent the goods and the recipient state;
the customs office that sent the cargo and the destination where it is sent;
a complete list of border inspection points through which the road train must pass;
name of goods, HS code, total weight, number of pallets;
list of documents for cargo indicating numbers;
registration number of the vehicle that carries out the transportation;
number of seals, list of seals and customs marks.

The preparation of the listed documents is carried out by specialists who are present at customs terminals.

Registration of invoices

The TIR logo on the trucks guarantees the availability of accompanying documents, which are prepared in advance in triplicate. Each consignment note bears the seal of the sender, the recipient and the organization responsible for transportation to the destination. The original remains at the loading point, and two copies are kept in the driver's document folder.

After unloading, one of the copies remains with the new owner, and the other is given to the driver, with the recipient’s mark indicating acceptance of the cargo. The participant in the transportation whose seal is affixed in column number 22 is responsible for the correct completion and reliability of the data. The information entered in each document must be identical.

How to correctly draw up invoices for long-distance travel in Europe - see here:

IRU and Russia

Relations between the International Road Transport Union and the Russian Federation are unstable. There were many controversies during the period 2002–2012.

In the summer of 2021, there was an improvement in existing relations; as a result, some conclusions can be voiced:

Certain customs terminals of the Russian Federation, the list of which has been agreed upon but not finally approved by the Russian Government, will pay attention to the TIR logo and serve motor vehicles. No one can guarantee that at the state border of the Russian Federation, through which a large flow of vehicles marked TIR passes every day, serious problems will not arise during their inspection.

Civil servants and officials who hold high positions in the government cannot accurately predict the development of relations between Russia and the IRU in the near future.